JKBOSE 10th Class English Grammar Relative Clauses
JKBOSE 10th Class English Grammar Relative Clauses
JKBOSE 10th Class English Grammar Relative Clauses
Jammu & Kashmir State Board JKBOSE 10th Class English
Pronouns that are used to join two sentences are called Relative Pronouns. Every relative pronoun refers to the noun or pronoun going before :
1. The boys who are playing there are the students of tenth class.
2. He is the man whom I gave my book.
3. She is the girl whose book was stolen.
4. You can take the pen which you like.
5. He has cut down the tree that grew in your field.
A clause beginning with a relative pronoun is called a Relative Clause or Adjective Clause.
1. In order to join a Relative Clause with its Principal Clause, the following words are used :
Relative Pronouns: Who, whom, whose (+ noun) that which, as, but. Relative Adverbs: When, where, why.
A.
1. The boys who are playing there are my students.
2. He is the man whom I gave my book.
3. She is the girl whose book was stolen.
4. You can take the pen which you like.
5. He has cut down the tree that grew in your field.
B.
1. We saw the house where he was born.
2. He met me on the day when I was leaving for Mumbai.
3. I told her the reason why she had failed.
2. Who, whom and whose are used for persons.
1. He who works hard will succeed.
2. She is the girl whom I gave my book.
3. There stands the boy whose purse has been stolen.
3. Nowadays, Whose is sometimes used for animals and lifeless things also.
1. Draw a triangle whose sides are equal.
2. This is the house whose owner has died.
4. Which is used for animals and lifeless things.
1. The dog which bit him has been killed.
2. This is the watch which I wanted to buy.
5. That can be used for persons, animals and lifeless things also.
1. Happy is the man that (= who) is honest.
2. This is the house that (= which) I wanted to buy.
3. The man that (= whom) we were looking for has arrived.
But it should be remembered that we can’t use that in place of whose, of which, in which, to whom, etc.
Exercise 1
Join each of the following pairs of sentences using a Relative Clause :
1. I know a man. The man has been to Iceland.
2. The thief stole the watch. The thief was punished.
3. Show the road. The road leads to Delhi.
4. Here is the doctor. The doctor cured me of malaria.
5. I met a boy. He was very cruel.
6. He does his best. He should be praised.
7. The man is honest. The man is trusted.
8. My father is no more with us. I loved my father.
9. The teacher sent for the boy. The boy came at once.
10. Wellington was a great general. He defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo.
Answers
1. I know a man who has been to Iceland.
2. The thief who stole the watch was punished.
3. Show the road that leads to Delhi.
4. Here is the doctor who cured me of malaria.
5. I met a boy who was very cruel.
6. He who does his best should be praised.
7. The man who is honest is trusted.
8. My father whom I loved is no more with us.
9. The boy whom the teacher sent for came at once.
10. Wellington who defeated Napoleon in the Battle of Waterloo was a great general.
Exercise 2
Join each of the following pairs of sentences using a Relative Clause :
1. The dog bit the burglar. The burglar had broken into the house.
2. Once upon a time there lived a giant. The giant was very powerful and cruel.
3. We met a girl. The girl had lost her way.
4. Kalidas is famous. He wrote some fine dramas.
5. He is a rogue. No one trusts him.
6. The child is dead. The child came here yesterday.
7. The child is dead. I saw the child yesterday.
8. I know the man. He stole the bicycle.
9. The man stole the bicycle. He has been arrested.
10. I have found the umbrella. I had lost it.
Answers
1. The dog bit the burglar who had broken into the house.
2. Once upon a time there lived a giant who was very powerful and cruel.
3. We met a girl who had lost her way.
4. Kalidas who wrote some fine dramas is famous.
5. He is a rogue whom no one trusts.
6. The child who came here yesterday is dead.
7. The child whom I saw yesterday is dead.
8. I know the man who stole the bicycle.
9. The man who stole the bicycle has been arrested.
10. I have found the umbrella that I had lost.
From Board Question Papers (2011-2021)
(1) I. Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. The thief stole the watch. The thief was punished.
2. Kalidas is famous. He wrote some fine dramas.
3. The boy is my cousin. You see him there.
4. I saw a girl. She was singing a song.
5. Here is a doctor. He cured me of malaria.
6. My father is no more with us. I loved my father.
7. I saw a soldier. He had lost an arm.
8. I met a boy. He was very cruel.
9. Please show me the road. The road leads to Srinagar.
Answers
1. The thief who stole the watch was punished.
2. Kalidas who wrote some fine dramas is famous.
3. The boy whom you see there is my cousin.
4. I saw a girl who was singing a song.
5. Here is the doctor who cured me of malaria.
6. I loved my father who is no more with us.
7. I saw a soldier who had lost an arm.
8. I met a boy who was very cruel.
9. Please show me the road that leads to Srinagar.
(2) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. I know a man. The man has been to Australia.
2. Show the road. The road leads to Punjab.
3. The Manager spoke to the workers. Their work was below standard.
4. A girl was highly praised. She saved a baby from drowning.
5. The governor passed a law. The public didn’t accept it.
6. The bus goes to the airport. It runs every hour.
7. I saw a man. He had lost an arm.
8. He saw a woman. Her child died.
9. The young man is going on the road. He won the match yesterday.
10. The man is honest. The man is trusted.
Answers
1. I know a man who has been to Australia.
2. Show the road that leads to Punjab.
3. The manager spoke to the workers whose work was below standard.
4. The girl who saved a baby from drowning was highly praised.
5. The public didn’t accept the law which the government passed.
6. The bus that goes to the airport runs every hour.
7. I saw a man who had lost an arm.
8. He saw a woman whose child died.
9. The young man who won the match yesterday is going on the road.
10. The man who is honest is trusted.
(3) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. She is my friend. She is very intelligent.
2. I want to see the boy. It is his book.
3. Her brother is a doctor. He lives in America.
4. Where is the cheese? It was in the fridge.
5. I know a woman. Her child has died.
6. The bus goes to the airport. It runs hourly.
7. I want to see the boy. He won a prize in race.
8. I saw a man. His child had died.
Answers
1. She is my friend who is very intelligent.
2. I want to see the boy whose book it is.
3. Her brother is a doctor who lives in America.
4. Where is the cheese that was in the fridge?
5. I know a woman whose child has died.
6. The bus that goes to the airport runs hourly.
7. I want to see the boy who won a prize in race.
8. I saw a man whose child had died.
(4) Join the sentences by changing one sentence into a relative clause :
1. A waitress served us. She was very impolite.
2. Hari spoke to the soldier. The soldier’s arm was in a sling.
3. Those grapes were very sweet. You bought them.
4. Shahid was always idle. He was punished.
5. Can I borrow the book ? You are reading it.
6. The girl was highly praised. She saved a boy from drowning.
7. Ravi works for a company. It makes cars.
8. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every hour.
9. The man is honest. The man is trusted.
10. I saw a soldier. He had lost an arm.
11. I heard some news. The news astonished me.
12. I know that boy. His father is a judge.
13. This is the path. He came by this path.
14. He met a man. The man had lost an eye.
15. She is the student of C.P.S. She has stood first.
16. The bus goes to Lal Chock. The bus runs every hour.
Answers
1. A waitress who was very impolite served us.
2. Hari spoke to the soldier whose arm was in a sling.
3. The grapes which you bought were very sweet.
4. Shahid who was always idle was punished.
5. Can I borrow the book that you are reading ?
6. The girl who had saved a boy from drowning was highly praised.
7. Ravi works for a company that makes cars.
8. A bus that goes to the airport runs every hour.
9. The man who is honest is trusted.
10. I saw a soldier who had lost an arm.
11. I heard some news that astonished me.
12. I know that boy whose father is a judge.
13. This is the path by which he came.
14. He met a man who had lost an eye.
15. She is the student of C.P.S. who has stood first. (Or) She, who has stood first, is a student of C.P.S.
16. The bus that goes to Lal Chowk runs every hour.
(5) Join the following sentences by changing one of them into a relative clause:
1. A play was staged in the theatre. It wasn’t a great success.
2. They die young. God loves them.
3. There are marks on your shirt. What are those ?
4. My brother is a doctor. He lives in London.
5. Let’s go to the school. We studied there.
6. This is the girl. She saved a drowning man.
7. I know the woman. Her child wept.
8. I will never forget my friend. He helped me.
9. Junaid is away from home. His job involves a lot of travelling.
Answers
1. A play which was staged in the theatre wasn’t a great success.
2. God loves those who die young.
3. What are those marks which are on your shirt ?
4. My brother who is a doctor lives in London.
5. Let’s go to the school where we studied.
6. This is the girl who saved a drowning man.
7. I know the woman whose child wept.
8. I will never forget my friend who helped me.
9. Junaid whose job involves a lot of travelling is away from home.
(6) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. This man is honest. This man is trusted.
2. This is the building. It was built in a single month.
3. The ladies have arrived. I was speaking of them.
4. She is the girl. She won a prize in the debate.
5. A waitress served us. She was very polite and patient.
6. The fires caused widespread damage. They swept across much of northern Kashmir.
7. Where is the cheese? It was in the fridge.
8. The dog bit the burglar. The burglar had broken into the house.
9. Kalidas is famous. He wrote some fine dramas.
10. He has a friend. He is a clever artist.
Answers
1. This man who is honest is trusted.
2. This is the building which was built in a single month.
3. The ladies of whom I was speaking have arrived.
4. She is the girl who won a prize in the debate.
5. A waitress who was very polite and patient served us.
6. The fires which swept across much of northern Kashmir, caused widespread damage.
7. Where is the cheese that was in the fridge.
8. The dog bit the burglar who had broken into the house.
9. Kalidas who wrote some fine dramas, is famous.
10. He has a friend who is a clever artist.
(7) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentence into a relative clause :
1. This is the house. Jack built it.
2. I have found the book. I had lost it.
3. Here is the camera. You were asking for the camera.
4. She is a doctor. She was on leave.
5. Karim spoke to the soldier. His arm was in a sling.
6. Coal is found in Bengal. It is a very useful mineral.
7. The boy tells lies. He deserves to be punished.
8. He does his best. He should be praised.
9. Here is a pen. You lost it yesterday.
10. Here is a car. The car met with an accident.
11. I saw a policeman. He had lost an eye.
Answers
1. This is the house that Jack built.
2. I have found the book which I had lost.
3. Here is the camera which you were asking for.
4. She is the doctor who was on leave.
5. Karim spoke to the soldier whose arm was in a sling.
6. Coal that is found in Bengal is a very useful mineral.
7. The boy who tells lies deserves to be punished.
8. He who does his best should be praised.
9. Here is the pen which you lost yesterday.
10. Here is the car that had met with an accident.
11. I saw a policeman who had lost an eye.
(8) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. Those grapes are very sweet. You bought them.
2. The boys clapped heartily. They were watching the match.
3. He does his best. He should be praised.
4. The boy was very proud. He had won the prize.
5. That boy bowls very well. You see him there.
6. Can I borrow the book? You are reading it.
7. We met a girl. The girl had lost her way.
8. The horse was lame. We saw the horse.
9. I know a man. The man owns three cars.
10. He is a boy. I know him.
11. He is an honest man. He is trustworthy.
Answers
1. The grapes which you bought are very sweet.
2. The boys who were watching the match clapped heartily.
3. He who does his best should be praised.
4. The boy who had won the prize was very proud.
5. That boy whom you see there bowls very well.
6. Can I borrow the book which you are reading?
7. We met a girl who had lost her way.
8. We saw the horse that was lame.
9. I know a man who owns three cars.
10. He is a boy whom I know.
11. He who is honest is trustworthy. (or) The man who is honest is trustworthy.
(9) Join the following sentences by changing one of the sentences into a relative clause :
1. He is a boy. He stole my pen.
2. I carried a bag. It was very heavy.
3. I met a woman. Her son was killed.
4. I know a boy. He has lost his leg.
5. She is a girl. She stood first.
6. He is honest. He is trustworthy.
7. I met a girl. She was very cute.
8. I saw a boy. He was very cruel.
9. I killed a lion. The lion was very strong.
10. He is honest. He can be trusted.
11. The girls clapped. They watched the match.
12. I saw a man. He had won a medal.
Answers
1. He is the boy who stole my pen.
2. I carried a bag which was very heavy.
3. I met a woman whose son was killed.
4. I know a boy who has lost his leg.
5. She is the girl who stood first.
6. He who is honest, is trustworthy.
7. I met a girl who was very cute.
8. I saw a boy who was very cruel.
9. I killed a lion which was very strong.
10. He who is honest can be trusted.
11. The girls who watched the match clapped.
12. I saw the man who had won a medal.
(10) Join the following sentences by changing one of them into a relative clause :
1. He is a boy. I know him.
2. A bus goes to the airport. It runs every hour.
3. A waitress served us. She was very impolite.
4. I know a man. The man has a wooden leg.
5. A girl was highly praised. She saved a baby from drowning.
6. Aslam met a boy. He was very cruel.
7. Ravi works for a company. It makes washing machines.
8. Where is the cheese? It was in the fridge.
9. I saw a girl. She was singing.
Answers
1. He is a boy whom I know.
2. A bus that goes to the airport runs every hour.
3. A waitress who was very impolite served us.
4. I know a man who has a wooden leg.
5. A girl who saved a baby from drowning was highly praised.
6. Aslam met a boy who was very cruel.
7. Ravi works for a company that makes washing machines.
8. Where is the cheese that was in the fridge ?
9. I saw a girl who was singing.
(11) Put in the relative clauses and rewrite the sentences :
1. The man is honest. The man is trusted.
2. The teacher sent for the boy. The boy came at once.
3. I have found the umbrella I had lost it.
4. Tom could not walk properly. Tom was lame.
5. A play was staged in the theatre. It wasn’t a great success.
6. I saw a woman, The woman’s husband is a teacher.
7. I saw a soldier. He had lost an arm.
8. This is the building. It was built in two months.
9. The manager spoke to the workers. Their work was below standand.
Answers
1. The man who is honest is trusted.
2. The boy whom the teacher sent for came at once.
3. I have found the umbrella that I had lost.
4. Tom could not walk properly because he was lame.
5. A play was staged in the theatre that wasn’t a great success.
6. I saw a woman whose husband is a teacher.
7. I saw a soldier who had lost an arm.
8. This is the building which was built in two months.
9. The manager spoke to the workers whose work was below standand.
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