(a) Write two drawbacks of Rutherford’s model of an atom. (b) State Bohr’s postulates to overcome the drawbacks of Rutherford’s model.

Ans. (a) (i) The major drawback of Rutherford’s model of an atom is that it does not explain the stability of an atom. Any particle in a circular orbit would undergo acceleration. During acceleration, charged particles would radiate energy. Thus, the revolving electron would lose energy and finally fall into the nucleus.

(ii) It could not explain the line spectra of H- and discontinuous spectrum nature.

(b) Two features of Bohr’s model which helped compensate this drawback:

(i) Only certain special orbits known as discrete orbits of electrons are allowed inside the atom.

(ii) While revolving in these discrete orbits, the electrons do not radiate energy.

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