Explain how, “Two areas of study namely ‘evolution’ and ‘classification’ are interlinked”. Justify this statement also.
Q. Explain how, “Two areas of study namely ‘evolution’ and ‘classification’ are interlinked”. Justify this statement also.
Ans.
(i) When different forms of organisms are studied it reflects that life have evolved during the course of evolution, and classification deals with grouping of these organisms into groups and subgroups based on their similarities and differences.
(ii) The more characteristics any two species have in common more closely they are related. This suggests that they will have a more recent ancestor (and vice-versa).
(iii) Classification helps tracing the evolutionary relationships between the two organisms.
Justification: Some groups of organisms have ancient body designs that have not changed very much whereas there are other groups of organisms that have acquired their particular body designs relatively recently. Those in the first
group are referred to as primitive while those in the second group as advanced organisms. Therefore, complexity in design increases over the evolutionary time. The older organisms are simpler, while younger organisms are more
complex, e.g., forearm of man and forelegs of horse. These structures perform the different functions but their origin is the same. Though they are built on the same fundamental plan but their usages are quite different.
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