Give reasons:

(a) A gas fills completely the vessel in which it is kept.

(b) A gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container.

(c) A wooden table should be called a solid.

(d) We can easily move our hand in air but to do the same through a solid block of wood we need a karate expert. (SAI-2010)

Ans. (a) The molecules of a gas have very high kinetic energy and large intermolecular spaces and practically negligible intermolecular forces and thus fill entire space of the vessel.

(b) When the molecules of a gas which are having high kinetic energy strike against the walls of container, they exert some force per unit area, i.e., pressure. Therefore, a gas exerts pressure on the walls of the container.

(c) A wooden table is solid because :

(i) It is rigid.

(ii) It has definite shape and volume.

(iii) It is not compressible.

(iv) It has any number of surfaces.

(d) The molecules of a gas (air) have very large intermolecular spaces and negligible intermolecular forces. Hence, we can easily move our hand in air, whereas the intermolecular spaces between the molecules of a solid are very small and intermolecular forces are very large. Hence, a lot of force is needed to separate the molecules of a solid and we need karate expert to break a block of wood.

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