Give reasons to explain why:
Q. Give reasons to explain why:
(i) carbon dioxide is called a gas ?
(ii) a gas fill a vessel completely?
(iii) gases are so easily compressible whereas it is impossible to compress a solid or a liquid.
Ans.
(i) Carbon dioxide is called a gas because of the following reasons:
(a) It neither has a fixed volume nor a fixed shape since it completely fills the vessel in which it is kept.
(b) It exerts pressure due to the collisions of the molecules on the walls of the container.
(ii) In gases, the intermolecular distances are large and forces of attraction are weak. Due to this fact, the particles of a gas are completely free to move about in the whole space available to them. Thus, a gas fills the vessel completely in which it is kept.
(iii) The intermolecular space is maximum in gases, intermediate in liquids and minimum in solids. Therefore, on cooling or applying pressure, the particles of a gas move closer and hence the volume decreases. Therefore, the gases are highly compressible. However, in case of liquids and solids, the particles are already close together and hence cannot be brought further closer and hence liquids and solids are almost incompressible.
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