Name the particles which determine the mass of an atom.
Q.1. Name the particles which determine the mass of an atom.
Ans. Proton and neutron.
Q.2. Electron attributes negative charge, protons attribute positive charge. An atom has both but why there is no charge?
Ans. The negative and positive charges of electrons and protons respectively are equal in magnitude. So, the atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
Q.3. J. Chadwick discovered a subatomic particle which has no charge and has mass nearly equal to that of a proton. Name the particle and give its location in the atom.
Ans. Particle is neutron. It is present in the nucleus of the atom.
Q.4. What was Bohr’s postulate on revolution of electrons in the orbits of atom?
Ans. According to Bohr’s postulate while revolving in the discrete orbits, electrons do not radiate energy.
Q.5. Helium atom has two electrons in its valence shell but its valency is not two. Explain.
Ans. Since, its outermost shell is completely filled, its combining capacity or valency is zero.
Q.6. What do you understand by an octet of electrons in the valence shell?
Ans. When the outermost shell of an atom of an element has eight electrons, it is said to possess an octet.
Q.7. Why do we need to take out the average atomic mass of isotopes of an element for computation?
Ans. Since elements occur in isotopic forms, the average atomic mass of an element, is calculated on the basis of the percentage of its each isotopic form.
Q.8. Who discovered the neutron ?
Ans. Chadwick discovered the neutron.
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