PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Agriculture Chapter 2 Summer Vegetables
PSEB Solutions for Class 9 Agriculture Chapter 2 Summer Vegetables
PSEB 9th Class Agriculture Solutions Chapter 2 Summer Vegetables
→ Any succulent part like fruit, leaf, stems, etc. of a plant that can be eaten fresh as a salad or after cooking is called a vegetable.
→ Vegetables contain carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins.
→ For maintaining good health, the consumption of 284 grams of vegetables per person per day is essential.
→ Leafy vegetables are spinach, fenugreek, lettuce (salad), saag.
→ Root vegetables are carrot, radish, turnip.
→ The reason for low consumption per person is population explosion and post-harvest losses of vegetables.
→ Major Kharif (summer) vegetables are chilli, brinjal, okra, bitter gourd, squash melon, tomato, bottle gourd, sponge gourd, long melon, etc.
→ Varieties of chillis are Punjab surkh, Punjab Guchhedar, Chilli hybrid-1.
→ The seed rate for chilli for sowing nursery in one marla is 200 grams.
→ Varieties of tomato are Punjab Varkha Bahar-1, Punjab Varkha Bahar-2.
→ Seed rate for tomato is 100-gram seed for 2 maria nursery which is used for transplanting in one acre.
→ Varieties of Brinjal are Punjab Neelam (round fruited), BH-2 (oblong fruited), PBH-3 (small fruited).
→ The seed rate for the sowing nursery of brinjal is 300-400 grams per acre.
→ Varieties of okra are Punjab-7, Punjab-8, Punjab Padmini.
→ The seed rate for okra is 15 kg (February), 8-10 kg (March), 5-6 kg (June-July).
→ Cucurbitaceous vegetables are summer squash, bottle gourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, cucumber, squash melon, long melon, musk melon, etc.
→ Varieties of Summer squash – Punjab Chappan Kaddo-1.
→ Varieties of Bottle gourd – Punjab Barket, Punjab Komal.
→ Varieties of bitter gourd – Punjab-14, Punjab Kareli-1.
→ The seed rate for bitter gourd is 2 kg per acre.
→ Varieties of sponge gourd – Pusa chikni, Punjab spong gourd-9.
→ Varieties of ash gourd are – PAG-3.
→ The seed rate for each summer squash, bottle gourd, ash gourd is 2 kg per acre.
→ Varieties of cucumber – Punjab Naveen.
→ The seed rate for cucumber is one kg per acre.
→ Varieties of long melon – Punjab Long melon-1.
→ The seed rate for long melon is one kg per acre.
→ Varieties of squash melon – Tir 4a-48.
→ Seed rate for squash melon – 1.5 kg per acre.
→ Musk Melon is a vegetable scientifically.
→ Varieties of musk melon – Punjab hybrid, hara Madhu, Punjab sunehri.
→ The seed rate for musk melon is 400 grams per acre.
PSEB 9th Class Agriculture Guide Summer Vegetables Important Questions and Answers
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Seed rate for tomatoes is
(a) 100 gram per acre
(b) 500 gram per acre
(c) 100 gram per acre
(d) None
Answer:
(c) 100 gram per acre
2. Punjab Barkat is a variety of :
(a) Ghia
(b) Bitter gourd
(c) Tomato
(d) Chilli.
Answer:
(a) Ghia
3. Variety of Bitter Gourd :
(a) Punjab Kareli-1
(b) Punjab Chappan Kaddu
(c) Punjab Neelam
(d) P.A.G.-3.
Answer:
(a) Punjab Kareli-1
4. Seed rate for Muskmelon (per acre) :
(a) 200 gram
(b) 700 gram
(c) 100 gram
(d) 400 gram.
Answer:
(d) 400 gram.
5. Punjab Naveen is a variety of :
(a) Petha
(b) Ghia
(c) Tomato
(d) Cucumber
Answer:
(d) Cucumber
True/False:
1. Vegetables contain carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins.
Answer:
True
2. For maintaining good health, the consumption of 504 grams of vegetables per person per day is essential.
Answer:
False
3. Leaf vegetables are – spinach, fenugreek, lettuce (salad), saag.
Answer:
True
4. Root vegetables are – carrot, radish, turnip.
Answer:
True
5. Any succulent part like fruit, leaf, stems, etc. of a plant which can be eaten fresh as a salad or after cooking is called a vegetable.
Answer:
True
Fill in the Blanks :
1. Major ……………….. vegetables are chilli, brinjal, okra, bitter gourd, squash melon, tomato, bottle gourd, sponge gourd, long melon etc.
Answer:
Kharif (summer)
2. Seed rate for chiili for sowing nursery in one maria is ………………..
Answer:
200 gram
3. Seed rate for sowing nursery of brinjal is ……………….. per acre.
Answer:
300-400 gram
4. Punjab Gucchedar is a variety of ………………..
Answer:
Chilli
5. Varieties of ……………….. are – Punjab-7, Punjab-8, Punjab Padmini.
Answer:
Okra
Agriculture Guide for Class 9 PSEB Summer Vegetables Textbook Questions and Answers
(A) Answer in 1-2 words:
Question 1.
Write the name of two varieties of chili.
Answer:
Punjab Surkh, CH-1.
Question 2.
How much is a requirement of vegetables per person per day for maintenance of good health?
Answer:
284 gm.
Question 3.
Write the name of two improved varieties of tomato.
Answer:
Punjab Varkha Bahar-1, Punjab Varkha Bahar-2.
Question 4.
How much seed per acre of okra is required for sowing in February?
Answer:
15 kg per acre.
Question 5.
How much spacing is required between rows in the brinjal crop?
Answer:
60 cm.
Question 6.
Write the name of two varieties of bitter gourd.
Answer:
Punjab-14, Punjab Kareli-1.
Question 7.
When sowing of bottle gourd should be done?
Answer:
Feb-March, June-July, and November-December.
Question 8.
How much seed of cucumber is required per acre?
Answer:
1 kg per acre.
Question 9.
How much seed of muskmelon is required per acre?
Answer:
400 gram.
Question 10.
What is the sowing time of the sponge gourd?
Answer:
Mid May to July.
(B) Answer in 1-2 sentences:
Question 1.
What do you mean by vegetable?
Answer:
Any succulent part like fruit, leaf, stems, etc. of a plant which can be eaten fresh as salad or after cooking is called vegetable.
Question 2.
How much seed and area is required for raising nursery for transplanting one acre tomato ?
Answer:
100 gram seed is required for nursery raising in 2 maria area for transplanting in one acre.
Question 3.
How much fertilizers are used per acre for chilli crop ?
Answer:
10-15 ton well rotten farm yard manure, 25 kg. nitrogen, 12 kg phosphorus and 12 kg potash can be used. This dose is for one acre.
Question 4.
How four crops of brinjal are raised in a year?
Answer:
Four crops of brinjal are raised in a year by sowing in October, November, February-March and July.
Question 5.
What are the sowing time and seed rate of okrg?
Answer:
Spring season crop is sown in February-March and rainy season crop is sown in June-July. Seed rate is 15 kg (February), 8-10 kg (March), 5-6 kg (June-July).
Question 6.
Give the reasons for the low availability of per capita’ per day vegetables in our country.
Answer:
The low availability of per capita per day vegetables in our country is due to
- population explosion and
- due to post-harvest losses which are nearly one-third of the total production of vegetables.
Question 7.
What is the ideal time for sowing and transplanting of the nursery of tomato?
Answer:
The ideal time for sowing the nursery of tomatoes is the second fortnight of July. Transplanting of seedlings is done in second fortnight of August.
Question 8.
How many days are required from sowing to harvesting in bitter gourd ?
Answer:
55-60 days are required from sowing to harvesting in bitter gourd.
Question 9.
Write two improved varieties and sowing time of muskmelon.
Answer:
Improved varieties of muskmelon are Punjab hybrid, Hara madhu and sowing time is February-March.
Question 10.
How can we get early and higher yield in cucumber ?
Answer:
We get early and higher yield in cucumber by growing under low tunnel polythene sheets.
(C) Answer in 5-6 sentences:
Question 1.
Write name of summer vegetables and describe any one of them.
Answer:
Summer vegetables are – tomato, brinjal, bottle gourd, sponge gourd, bitter gourd, chilli, okra, summer squash, cucumber, long melon, squash melon etc.
Tomato
Improved varieties—Punjab Varkha Bahar-1, Punjab Varkha Bahar-2.
Seed rate—100 gram seed is required for sowing nursery in 2 maria for transplanting in one acre.
Time of sowing—Sow nursery in the second fortnight of July.
Transplanting—Second fortnight of August.
Row spacing—120-150 cm.
Weed control—Spray stomp or sencor.
Plant spacing—30 cm.
Irrigation—First irrigation should be done immediately after transplanting and later irrigations should be done after 6-7 dhys interval.
Question 2.
Write a short note on improved varieties, sowing time, seed rate, and control of weeds in okra.
Answer:
Improved varieties. Punjab-7, Punjab-8, Punjab Padmani.
Sowing time. Spring season sowing is done in February-March and rainy season crop is sown in June-July.
Seed rate. Seed rate per acre is 15 kg (for February), 8-10 kg (March), 5-6 kg (June-July).
Weed control. 3-4 hoeings are needed or spray stomp.
Question 3.
What is the importance of vegetables in human diet?
Answer:
Vegetables have a very important role in the human diet. Vegetables contain a sufficient amount of nutrients like carbohydrates, minerals, proteins, vitamins etc. These nutrients are essential for the maintenance of good health. A large population of our country is vegetarian, therefore, importance of vegetables becomes more in our country. According to scientific research, a person should consume 284 gram of vegetable in a day. Vegetables include leafy vegetables (spinach, fenugreek, lettuce, saag etc.), root vegetables (carrot, radish, turnip), flower buds (cauliflower), fruit (tomato, brinjal) etc.
Question 4.
Describe cultivation of Bottlegourd.
Answer:
- Improved varieties. Punjab Berkat, Punjab Komal.
- Sowing time. February-March, June-July, November- December.
- Harvesting. After 60-70 days of sowing, the crop is ready for harvesting.
Question 5.
How to raise a successful crop of ashgourd?
Answer:
Ash gourd belongs to
Improved Varieties—PAG-3
Sowing time—Feb-March and June-July.
Seed rate—2kg seed/acre
Method of sowing–Sow at least two seeds per hill on one side.
Spacing—Beds should be 3m wide and spacing should be 75-90 cm.
Very Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
What is the seed rate for chilli?
Answer:
200 grams per acre.
Question 2.
What is the time of sowing of Nursery for chilli?
Answer:
End October to mid-November.
Question 3.
What is the time of transplanting the seedlings of chilli?
Answer:
February-March.
Question 4.
What is row spacing for chilli?
Answer:
75 cm.
Question 5.
What is plant spacing for chilli?
Answer:
45 cm.
Question 6.
Write names of varieties of tomato.
Answer:
Punjab Varkha Bahar-1, Punjab Varkha Bahar-2.
Question 7.
Write seed rate for tomato.
Answer:
100 gram per acre.
Question 8.
What is a time of sowing of the nursery for tomato?
Answer:
Second fortnight of July.
Question 9.
What is time of transplanting seedlings of tomato?
Answer:
Second fortnight of August.
Question 10.
What is row spacing for tomato?
Answer:
120-150 cm.
Question 11.
What is plant spacing for tomato?
Answer:
30 cm.
Question 12.
Weed control is done in tomatoes by using
Answer:
Stomp, Sencore.
Question 13.
Write varieties of Brinjal.
Answer:
Punjab Neelam (round), B.H.-2 (Oblong), PBH-3 (small).
Question 14.
Write seed rate for brinjal.
Answer:
300-400 grams per acre.
Question 15.
Write row spacing for brinjal.
Answer:
60 cm.
Question 16.
What is plant spacing for brinjal?
Answer:
30-40 cm.
Question 17.
How is Okra sown?
Answer:
Sowing is done on ridges.
Question 18.
Write varieties of Okra.
Answer:
Punjab-7, Punjab-8, Punjab Padmani.
Question 19.
How is the Okra crop sown in February-March?
Answer:
On ridges.
Question 20.
How is the okra crop sown in June-July?
Answer:
On planes.
Question 21.
What is row spacing for okra?
Answer:
45 cm.
Question 22.
What is plant spacing for okra?
Answer:
15 cm.
Question 23.
When is okra harvested?
Answer:
45-50 days after sowing.
Question 24.
Write improved varieties of summer squash.
Answer:
Punjab Chappan Kadoo.
Question 25.
Write time of sowing for summer squash.
Answer:
Mid-January to March and October-November.
Question 26.
What is the seed rate for summer squash?
Answer:
2 kg per acre.
Question 27.
How many seeds are sown at a place for summer squash?
Answer:
Two seeds at a place.
Question 28.
When is summer squash ready for harvesting?
Answer:
In 60 days.
Question 29.
Write varieties of Bottle gourd.
Answer:
Punjab Berkat, Punjab Komal.
Question 30.
Write time of sowing for bottle gourd.
Answer:
February-March, June-July, November-December.
Question 31.
When is the bottle gourd ready for harvesting?
Answer:
60-70 days after sowing.
Question 32.
Write varieties of bitter gourd.
Answer:
Punjab-14, Punjab Kareli-1.
Question 33.
Write time of sowing for bitter gourd.
Answer:
February-March, June-July.
Question 34.
Write seed rate for bitter gourd.
Answer:
2 kg per acre.
Question 35.
What is plant spacing for the bitter gourd?
Answer:
45 cm.
Question 36.
How is bitter gourd sown in Kyaris (beds)?
Answer:
On both sides.
Question 37.
Write varieties of sponge gourd.
Answer:
Pusa chikni, Punjab sponge gourd-9.
Question 38.
What is a time of sowing for sponge gourd?
Answer:
Mid-February to March.
Question 39.
What is seed rate for sponge gourd?
Answer:
2 kg seed per acre.
Question 40.
When is sponge gourd ready for harvesting?
Answer:
After 70-80 days of sowing.
Question 41.
Write varieties of ash gourd.
Answer:
PAG—3.
Question 42.
Write time of sowing for ash gourd.
Answer:
February-March, June-July.
Question 43.
What is seed rate for ash gourd?
Answer:
2 kg per acre.
Question 44.
Write varieties of cucumber.
Answer:
Punjab Naveen.
Question 45.
What is seed rate for cucumber?
Answer:
One kg per acre.
Question 46.
Write varieties for long melon.
Answer:
Punjab long melon.
Question 47.
What is time of sowing for long melon?
Answer:
February-March.
Question 48.
What is seed rate for long melon?
Answer:
One kg per acre.
Question 49.
Write about harvesting of long melon.
Answer:
After 60-70 days of sowing.
Question 50.
Write varieties of squash melon.
Answer:
Tinda-48.
Question 51.
What is time of sowing for squash melon?
Answer:
February-March, June-July.
Question 52.
What is seed rate for squash melon ?
Answer:
1.5 kg per acre.
Question 53.
When is squash melon ready for harvesting?
Answer:
After 60 days of sowing.
Question 54.
Is muskmelon a vegetable or fruit ?
Answer:
It is a vegetable.
Question 55.
What is time of sowing for muskmelon?
Answer:
February-March.
Question 56.
What is sedd rate for muskmelon ?
Answer:
400 gram per acre.
Question 57.
What is plant spacing for muskmelon?
Answer:
60 cm.
Short Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
Which nutrients are found in vegetables?
Answer:
Vegetables contain carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, vitamins, etc.
Question 2.
Write about fertilizers for chillis.
Answer:
Apply 10—15 ton well rotten farmyard manure, 25 kg nitrogen, 12 kg phosphorus, and 12 kg potash per acre.
Question 3.
Write about irrigation for chillis.
Answer:
Give first irrigation immediately after transplanting. Give irrigation after intervals of 7-10 days in summer.
Question 4.
Write irrigation requirements for tomatoes.
Answer:
Give first irrigation immediately after transplanting. Give irrigation after intervals of 7-10 days in summer.
Question 5.
Write about the method of sowing for brinjal.
Answer:
Brinjal is sown in 10-15 raised beds in one maria.
Question 6.
Give the method of sowing of summer squash.
Answer:
Summer squash is sown in 1.25 m wide beds and two seeds are sown per hill at a distance of 45 cm on both sides of beds.
Question 7.
Write about the cultivation of cucumbers. Improved varieties, time of sowing, seed rate.
Answer:
- Improved varieties—Punjab Naveen.
- Time of sowing—February-March.
- Seed rate—One kg per acre.
Question 8.
Write about the cultivation of long melon.
Answer:
- Improved varieties—Punjab long melon-1.
- Time of sowing—February-March.
- Seed rate—One kg per acre.
- Harvesting—After sowing 60-70 days.
Question 9.
Write about the cultivation of squash melon.
Answer:
- Improved varieties—Tinda-48.
- Time of sowing—February-March, June-July.
- Seed rate—1.5 kg seed per acre.
- Method of sowing—Sow seeds on both sides of 1.5 m wide beds at a spacing of 45 cm.
- Harvesting—Fruits are ready for picking after 60 days of sowing.
Question 10.
Write about the cultivation of sponge gourd.
Answer:
- Varieties—Pusa Chikni, Punjab sponge gourd-9.
- Time of sowing—Mid February to March, Mid May to July. Method of sowing—Sow in 3 m wide beds with a spacing of 75-90 cm.
- Seed rate—2 kg seed per acre.
- Harvesting—70-80 days after sowing.
Long Answer Type Questions:
Question 1.
Write about the cultivation of muskmelon.
Answer:
Muskmelon is a vegetable scientifically but we consider it as a fruit.
- Varieties: Punjab hybrid, Hara Madhu, Punjab Sunehri.
- Time of Sowing: February-March.
- Seed Rate: 400-gram seed per acre.
- Method of Sowing: Sow in 3-4 m wide beds.
- Plant Spacing: Plant to plant spacing is 60 cm.
- Irrigation: Water the crop every week in summer at the time of fruit maturity. Avoid direct contact of water with fruit.
Question 2.
Write about the cultivation of Chilli.
Answer:
- Varieties: Punjab Surkh, Punjab Guchhedar, and Chilli hybrid-1.
- Seed Rate: 200-gram seed per acre.
- Sowing Nursery: Sow nursery in one maria and the seed is sown in the nursery during the end of October to mid-November.
- Transplanting: It is done in February-March.
- Plant Spacing: Spacing between rows is 75 cm and plant to plant spacing is 45 cm.
- Fertilizer: 10 to 15 tonnes of well rotten farmyard manure is required, 25 kg Nitrogen, 12 kg phosphorus, and 20 kg potash per acre are also required.
- Irrigation: Apply first irrigation after transplanting. Give water after every 7-10 days in summer.
Question 3.
Write about the cultivation of Brinjal.
Answer:
- Varieties: Punjab Neelam (Round fruited), BH-2 (oblong fruited), and PBH-3 (small fruited)
- Seed Rate: 300-400 grams for one acre.
- Method of Sowing: Nursery is sown in 10-15 cm raised beds of one maria.
- Crops of Brinjal: We can get four crops of brinjal in one-year i. e., by sowing nursery in October, November, February, March, and July.
- Plant Spacing: Spacing between rows 60 cm and in plants 30-45 cm.
- Irrigation: Apply first irrigation after transplanting. Give water after every 6-7 days.
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