Social Impact of the Nazi State in 1945
Social Impact of the Nazi State in 1945
1. Question – What did the press make of Kristallnacht and what was the opinion of the Germans?
Answer – Many Germans watched in HORROR and concern. -Nazi-controlled press presented it as ordinary Germans turning against the Jews.
2. Question – What did Göring do?
Answer – He required Jews to pay the cost of the damage of Kristallnacht.
3. Question – Name 4 minority groups.
Answer –
- Mentally ill.
- Gypsies.
- Black people.
- Vagrants.
4. Question – What were the Nazi views on the mentally ill and what did they do to them?
Answer – Nazis convinced that mental illness was HEREDITARY and could not be cured. -Sterilized the mentally ill. -1945 – nearly 300,000 sterilized. -After outbreak of WW2, Nazi actions became more severe. -Set up the ‘Public Ambulance Service Ltd’ to kill mentally ill. -By 1945, 70,000 murdered.
5. Question – What were the Nazi views on Gypsies and what did they do to them?
Answer – Threat as they were Non-Aryan and thought to be work-shy. -30,000 in Germany. -Nazis determined to prevent them mixing with Aryans.
6. Question – What happened in 1935 and 1938 that affected Gypsies?
Answer – 1935 – marriages between Gypsies and Aryans were banned. -1938 – a decree for the ‘Struggle against Gypsy Plague’ was issued. Gypsies were forced to register.
7. Question – What were the Nazi views on black people and what did they do to them?
Answer – Seen as Untermenschen. -Nuremberg Laws of 1935 banned marriage between black people and Aryans. -Nazi treated black people like Gypsies. -Sterilized any children who were born to German women by black soldiers, who were stationed in the Rhineland after WW1.
8. Question – What were the Nazi views on vagrants and what did they do to them?
Answer – Vagrants included: beggars, men moving from town to town trying to find work and young people who had left home. -Nazis forced these groups to work. -In 1938. SS rounded up 100,000 vagrants and placed them in concentration camps.
9. Question – What was the Nazi Racial Hierarchy?
Answer – Aryans (‘The Master Race’). -Other White Western Europeans. -Eastern Europeans. -Black people and gypsies. -Jews.
10. Question – Name 5 ways which indicated the escalation of persecution during war years to 1945.
Answer – Death camps. -Wansee Conference. -Use of ghettoes. -Einstazgruppen. -The ‘Final Solution’.
11. Question – What happened in death camps?
Answer – On arrival, Jews divided into two groups. -Fit ones put to work. -Others sent to gas chambers. -Those puts to work not better off; worked to death in labour camps. -Older women, mothers with small children, pregnant women and children under were usually taken away and killed.
12. Question – When was the Wannsee Conference?
Answer – Summer of 1941.
13. Question – What happened at the Wannsee Conference?
Answer – Nazi senior officials seeked a permanent end to the Jewish problem. -Wanted to exterminate them in death camps. -Signed by Göring but seemed to be the idea of Himmler.
14. Question – When were the Einstazgruppen used?
Answer – In June 1941 when Germany invaded Russia.
15. Question – What did the Einstatzgruppen do?
Answer – They were murder squads. -Moved into Russia behind advancing German armies. -Their purpose: to round up and kill Jews. -They raided villages, rounded up Jews, made them dig their own graves then they shot the Jews.
16. Question – What was the ‘Final Solution’?
Answer – The code name for the MASS EXTERMINATION of ALL Jews in Europe.
17. Question – What was the first solution?
Answer – The use of ghettos.
18. Question – How did the ghettos work?
Answer – Nazis gathered Jews into ghettos in towns. -Walls built to keep them in. -Largest ghetto in Warsaw. -Prisoners only allowed starvation rations in ghettos.
19. Question – How did people die in ghettos and how many died in the Warsaw ghetto?
Answer – From hunger, the intense cold or typhus. -About 55,000 died in Warsaw.
20. Question – Give 5 reasons why Jews were persecuted.
Answer – Associated with communism. -Jealous of success – many Jews were professionals or owned businesses. -Used as scapegoats for Germany’s problems. -Suspicious of a different religion. -Blamed for Germany’s defeat in WW1 and ToV (some of the November Criminals were Jewish).
21. Question – The following flashcards are a timeline of the escalation of Jew treatment from 1933 to 1945.
Answer – The following flashcards are a timeline of the escalation of Jew treatment from 1933 to 1945.
- Follow on Facebook page – Click Here
- Google News join in – Click Here