A block of wood is so weighted that it just floats in water in a jar at room temperature.

Q. A block of wood is so weighted that it just floats in water in a jar at room temperature.
(i) If the water is now heated, what change will occur in the state of floatation of the block?
(ii) If the water in the jar is cooled to 4°C, what change will be observed in the state of floatation?
(iii) Give reasons for the above.
Ans. We know that
(i) The density of water is maximum at 4 °C and
(ii) The density of water decreases, with increase in temperature, above 4 °C.
(iii) We also know that a floating object dips to a greater extent in a lighter (less dense) liquid, and to lesser extent in a heavier (more dense) liquid.
Therefore,
(a) When water is heated above the room temperature, it becomes (slightly) lighter (less dense), hence the block of wood, that was just floating, would now tend to sink a little in the jar.
(b) When the water is cooled to 4°C, it becomes (slightly) heavier (denser). Hence, the block of wood, that was just floating, would now tend to rise (a little bit) above the surface of water in the jar.

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