(a) What is immunisation ? (b) Define immunity and vaccination. (c) Define vaccine. (d) What type of diseases can be prevented through vaccination?
Q. (a) What is immunisation ?
(b) Define immunity and vaccination.
(c) Define vaccine.
(d) What type of diseases can be prevented through vaccination?
Ans. (a) Immunisation is a process of inoculation (injecting) of substance (vaccine) into a healthy person in order to develop immunity against the disease.
(b) Immunity is the ability of a body to recognise, destroy and eliminate external disease causing agents. This immunisation is done by giving vaccine and thus, it is also known as vaccination.
(c) The vaccine is a solution containing the diseasecausing organisms in a diluted or weakened form. It may have organisms in living or even dead form. This does not actually cause the disease but this would prevent any subsequent exposure to the infecting microbe from turning into actual disease.
(d) Protection against diseases, like smallpox, rabies, polio, diphtheria, chickenpox and hepatitis, is provided through vaccination. It has been possible to eradicate smallpox from all regions of the world through a massive vaccination programme.
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