Sahil’s grandfather had a prostate problem. The doctor advised him to go in for an ultrasound. Sahil accompanied his grandfather to a diagnostic centre. His grandfather went through the process and was given a photograph.

Q. Sahil’s grandfather had a prostate problem. The doctor advised him to go in for an ultrasound. Sahil accompanied his grandfather to a diagnostic centre. His grandfather went through the process and was given a photograph.
(a) What is the principle of ultrasound? What waves are used for this purpose ?
(b) Name four other areas in which the ultrasound is used as a diagnostic tool.
(c) What value did Sahil imbibe about ultrasound ?
Ans. (a) The underlying principle is that the sound wave pulses produced by a transmitter are directed into the body. These waves are reflected each time, a pulse encounters a boundary between the two tissues which have different densities. A picture on a sonogram of the inner anatomy is obtained by scanning ultrasonic waves across the body by detecting the echoes generated from various locations.
(b) (i) For detecting the malignancies in liver and kidney.
(ii) For seeing the foetal size and location.
(iii) For detecting internal bleeding.
(iv) To break small stones formed in the kidneys.
(c) Sahil learnt about the important part played by ultrasonic in medical science and its uses in other areas.

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