JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions chapter – 6 Political Parties

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Jammu & Kashmir State Board JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions

INTRODUCTION TO THE CHAPTER

Role of political parties in democracy is very important and they are also very important in the formation of constitutional designs, in electoral politics and in working of government.
Political parties are the vehicles of federal sharing of political power and are negotiator of social divisions in democratic politics.
A political party is a group of people whose ideology is same and who comes closer to each other so that they can contest elections to win over the majority.
All political parties should have three components-leaders to lead, active members to work and the followers to give help in winning the elections.
Political parties do a number of things like to contest elections, put forward different policies and programmes, make laws when in power, form and run the government, shape public opinion and provide people’s access to government machinery and welfare schemes.
Due to complexity and largeness of society political parties came into being so that their responsible members could form the government.
Many types of party systems are there. One party system means country has only one political party, two party system means country has only two political parties and multi-party system means country has many political parties.
National parties are those which are very large in size and which have their units in various states and regional parties are those political parties which are confined only to any particular region.
Election Commission of India has recognized only seven National Parties i.e. INC, I BJP, BSP, CPI (M), CPI, NCP and TMC.
This is the age of alliance. Because of emergence of regional political parties it is! not possible for one party to get majority in the elections. That is why all the major political parties are going for an alliance with regional parties.
Political parties, these days, are facing a number of challenges like lack of internal I democracy, dynastic succession, growing role of money and muscle power, do not I offer a meaningful choice, etc.
These days defection from the party is not possible because amendment of Constitution has prevented it, unless MLA or M.P. will lose his seat.

IMPORTANT TERMS

Partisan. Any person who is very strongly and whole heartedly committed to a party, faction or group.
Ruling Party. Any political party which runs the government is ruling party.
Bi-party System. Any country with only two political parties has bi-party system.
Defection. Change in the allegiance from the party on whose ticket person is elected to a legislature to other party.
Affidavit. A written statement made by somebody who swears that it is true and that can be used as evidence in the court or a signed document regarding his or her personal information.
Opposition. A political party which is a part of legislature but is not a part of government.
National Party. Any political party which has its units all over the country and which is recognized by Election Commission as national party.
Regional Party. Any political party which is confined only to a particular area or region and is not in a position to recognized as a National Party.

J&K class 10th Social Science Political Parties Textbook Questions and Answers

Q. 1. State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy.

Ans. A political party is a group of people who have the same ideology and who come closer to each other so that they could contest the elections and win over the majority to make the government. All the members of a political party agree on some policies for the welfare of the society. Political parties in democracy do a lot of functions which are given below :

Political parties contest elections. Political parties, in most of the democracies, contest the elections by putting up their candidates in political arena. They select their candidates in one way or the other but in our country central leadership selects them on one basis or the other.
Put forward policies and programmes. Political parties make some policies and programmes for the welfare of the people and voters choose those parties whose policies they like the most. In democracy people have different opinions but they are grouped together to provide one direction in which policies could be formulated by the government.
Making Laws. Political parties, who are in power, make laws for the country. Actually laws are made by legislature but the party which is in power gets directions on that issue from central leadership to make any particular law.
Political parties make and run the government. Party which wins the majority gets the chance to make the government. It makes the government and runs the government according to the policies and ideology of the party.
Does role of opposition. All parties cannot make the government. Those parties who are unable to make the government perform the role of opposition and try to raise and highlight the issues. They often highlight those issues on which government seems to have failed.
Making public opinion. Political parties raise those issues in public which government is unable to handle. Thus they make a public opinion in their favour and against the government. Parties even launch movements to highlight the problems of the people.
Provides access to government machinery. Public in general don’t have access to government machinery but parties provide access to government machinery to general public. General public can easily approach any leader instead of an officer. They also are responsive to the needs of the people. These parties cannot ignore the demands of the public and that is why they are more responsive.

Q. 2. Explain the challenges faced by the political parties.

Discuss the challenges to political parties.

What are the various challenges faced by the political parties?

Ans. In any democracy, political parties are very much necessary because they are working for democracy. Political parties are actual face of democracy that what is going on in democracy. All in all they are very much necessary for democracy but these days there is a dissatisfaction among the people regarding the functioning of political parties. People have to face a lot of criticism from various quarters of society. That is why political parties need to face many challenges to remain effective and these challenges are:

Lack of internal democracy. It is right that democracy goes on with the help of political parties but there is lack of internal democracy within the party. Generally the power within the party is concentrated within the hands of one or two leaders. Even they do not conduct regular elections of office bearers and they do not keep membership registers. Ordinary members are unable to get any information of inside of the party and members are generally dissatisfied with central leadership.
Dynastic succession. The biggest challenge which political parties are facing these days is the issue of dynastic succession. These parties do not have the transparent functioning and that is why the leaders always try to give unfair advantage to their family members especially wife or son. Political party then is controlled by one family.
Money and muscle power. Another challenge which political parties are facing is the increased role of money and muscle power especially at the time of elections. Parties, these days, try to nominate that person as their candidate who is either rich or has sufficient muscle power behind him. That is why in some cases, criminals are being given tickets of national parties. Parties try to win majority in elections and that is why they use this type of way to win majority.
Lack of meaningful choice. Political parties generally discuss that problem which the country is facing and their policy to resolve that problem. They always try to convince the general masses that their policies are better than the other parties. But most of the parties agree on the fact that which problems are being faced by the country. Difference is only of priority of issue. All the political parties are same in one way or the other and that is why people don’t have any meaningful choice among them.

Q. 3. Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well.

Write about the main suggestions to improve the working methods of political parties.

How can parties be reformed ? Suggest measures.

Ans. In today’s modern age of democracy, political parties need to be reformed. These days they are facing many challenges like dynastic succession, lack of internal democracy, lack of meaningful choice, increasing role of money and muscle power, etc. That is why these political parties and their leaders should be reformed and some of these reforms are given below :

These days no one can defect any party. Amendment was made in Constitution so that MP’s and MLA’s could be prevented from changing parties. It was done to stop the practice of changing parties, after winning election, for the sake of ministership or for money. Now no one can change his party unless he resigns from his seat. This has helped in bringing down defection.
Supreme Court has given a rule to reduce the influence of criminals and money in elections. Now it is necessary for every person, who is contesting election, to give an affidavit regarding his wealth and criminal cases pending against him. With this people come to know a lot about their leaders and it has also led to decline in criminalization of politics.
Election Commission has also ordered all political parties to hold their organizational elections and to file their income tax returns. Parties have started to do so formally. This will atleast show some internal democracy in the party.

Except these some other suggestions are also there to reform the political parties :

It should be made necessary for political parties to regulate their internal affairs. A law can be made regarding this. They should make registers of their members, they should have an independent authority, they should follow their constitution and regular elections should be held for the higher post of the party.
Parties should be asked to give atleast one third of the seats to women candidates. In 2011 CARTON ABS bere efter the same way, women should have their share in the party’s decision-making bodies so that something could be done for the betterment of women.
State should provide funds to contest elections. State should give money to meet the need of expenses of elections. It can be either given in the form of cash or in the form of petrol, paper, telephone. It will reduce the influence of growing money power in the elections.

Yet all these suggestions are not accepted by parties but if they would be accepted then it

can lead to some improvement in our political system.

Q. 4. What is a political party?

Ans. A political party is a group of people who have the same ideology and who come closer to each other so that they could contest the elections and win over the majority to make the government. All the members of a political party agree on some policies for the welfare of the society. Every political party has its own ideology on different issues and has own policies to resolve those issues. All the political parties work for the interests of general masses.

Q. 5. What are the characteristics of a political party?

Describe the main features of a political party.

Ans. Every political party consists of persons who have common programme on political issues to which they have agreed and are prepared to implement that on common line of action. Each political party tries to seek political power either singly or in co-operation with any other political party. Political party has certain characteristics which are given below:

Well organized. A good political party should be well organised and its members be well-disciplined. They should be willing to accept gladly the code of conduct of the party and while doing so they should forget their own convenience. They should keep party discipline above everything else.
Common programme. Another characteristic of a political party is that its members believe in common programme to which they have already agreed. They uphold the soundness of that at every stage.
Common aim of getting power. Every party has one common aim and that is to attain power in one way or the other. For this they contest the elections and try to win over the majority. If alone they are unable to win over the majority. Then they make an alliance with other parties to form a government.
Broad base. A good political party is expected to have good broad base for taking decisions. If the decisions are taken by a limited number of persons who are accepted as leaders or consider themselves so, then that party will not last long.

Q. 6. Fill in the blank:

A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a …….. .

Ans. A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a political party.

Q. 7. Match List-I (organisations and struggles) with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:

Ans. Answer to this question is option (c).

Q. 8. Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party ?

(A) Kanshi Ram

(B) Sahu Maharaj

(D) Jotiba Phule.

Ans. Answer is option (A) that Kanshi Ram is the founder of Bahujan Samaj Party.

Q. 9. What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party ?

(A) Bahujan Samaj

(B) Revolutionary Democracy

(D) Modernity.

Ans. Answer is option (C) that guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party is Integral Humanism.

Q. 10. Consider the following statements on parties.

(A) Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people.

(B) Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top party leaders.

(a) A, B, and C (b) A and B (c) B and C (d) A and C.

Ans. Answer to this question is option (b) that only A & B are correct.

Q. 11. Read the following passage and answer the questions given below :

Muhammad Yunus is a famous economist of Bangladesh. He received several international honours for his efforts to promote economic and social development for the benefit of the poor. He and the Grameen Bank have jointly, received the Nobel Peace Prize for the 2006. In February 2007, he decided to launch a political party and contest in the parliamentary elections. His objective was to foster proper leadership, good governance and build a new Bangladesh. He felt that only a political party different from the traditional ones would bring about new political culture. His party would be democratic from the grassroots level.

The launching of the new party, called Nagarik Shakti (Citizens Power), has caused a stir among the Bangladeshis. While many welcomed his decision, some did not like it. “Now I think Bangladesh will have a chance to choose between good and bad and eventually have a good government,” said Shahedul Islam, a government official. “That government, we hope, would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make fighting corruption and black money a top priority.”

But leaders of traditional political parties who dominated the country’s politics for decades were apprehensive. “There was no debate (over him) winning the Nobel, but politics is different-very challenging and often controversial,” said a senior leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party. Some others were highly critical. They asked why he was rushing into politics. “Is he being planted in politics by mentors from outside the country?” asked one political observer.

Do you think Yunus made a right decision to float a new political party? Do you agree with the statements and fears expressed by various people ? How do you want this new party organised to make it different from other parties? If you were the one to begin this political party how would you defend it ?

Ans. Muhammad Yunus is a famous economist of Bangladesh and he has done right to float a political party because he wants to prosper Bangladesh with his policies.

I also agree with the fears expressed by various people about his political party that winning Nobel Prize is a different thing and working in an active politics is very difficult thing. Politics is the work of clever people and an educationist cannot become a clever one.

It is right that Muhammud Yunus has started a political party but his party should have certain characteristics. It should not work under the influence of money and muscle power and should be out of the concept of dynastic succession. It should hold fair internal elections all the times which is good for the democracy.

J&K class 10th Social Science Political Parties Important Questions and Answers

Objective Type Questions

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of these is not a National Party ?

(A) INC

(B) SAD

(D) CPI(M).

Ans. (B) SAD.

2. Which of these is not a State Party ?

(A) TDP

(B) DMK

(D) CPI

Ans. (D) CPI.

3. In March 2015 PDP formed a coalition government in J&K with :

(A) H.N.C.

(B) N.C.

(D) B.J.P.

Ans. (D) B.J.P.

4. Who was the founder of National Conference?

(A) S.M. Abdullah

(B) Abdul Ghani Lone

(D) None of these.

Ans. (A) S. M. Abdullah.

5. Who founded TMC?

(A) Sushma Swaraj

(B) Sonia Gandhi

(D) Mamta Banerji.

Ans. (D) Mamta Benerji.

6. Who among the following is the founder of the Muslim Conference ?

(A) S. M. Abdullah

(B) Moulvi Mohammad Yousuf

(D) Dr. Zakir Naik.

Ans. (A) S. M. Abdullah.

7. Nationalist Congress Party (N.C.P.) was formed in :

(A) 1977

(B) 1998

(D) 2000.

8. Bharatiya Janta Party was founded in :

(A) 1979

(B) 1980

(D) 1982.

Ans. (B) 1980.

9. System of many parties is known as ……………

(A) Bi-party system

(B) Multi-party system

(D) None of these.

Ans. (B) Multi-party system.

10. Which of these countries has One-party System ?

(A) France

(B) Italy

(D) China.

Ans.(D) China.

11. Which of these countries has Bi-party system?

(A) India

(B) Pakistan

(D) England.

Ans. (D) England.

12. Who among the following is the founder of Muslim Conference?

(A) B.R. Ambedkar Tanugly avart ork

(B) S.M. Abdulah

(D) Jyotiba Phule.

Ans. (B) S.M. Abdulah.

13. The Congress was founded in the year :

(A) 1883

(B) 1884

(D) 1886.

Ans. (C) 1885.

14. The Communist Party of India was founded in :

(A) 1925

(B) 1964

(D) 1985.

Ans. (A) 1925.

Fill in the blanks

1. In India, there is …………. Party System.

Ans.Multi

2. Sh. J.P. Nadda is President of ………….

Ans.B.J.P.

3. PDP is a Regional Party of ………….

Ans.J&K

4. National Conference is one of the oldest political parties active from ……….. in politics of J&K.

Ans.1938

5. B.J.P. was founded in the year ……………..

Ans.1980

6. The national parties recognized by the Election Commission of India has recognized include BJP, CPI and ………..

Ans. INC

True or False

1. The Political Party that runs the government is the opposition party.

Ans.False

2. In a country where there are only two political parties is called mutli-party system.

Ans.False

3. The National Conference is state party.

Ans.True

4. (PICM) was founded in 1965.

Ans.False

5. CPI was formed in 1925.

Ans.True

6. PDP was founded in 1999.

Ans.True

7. The period between 1925 and 1930 witnessed the down of political awakening in Kashmir.

Ans. True

8. Bhartiya Janta Party(BJP) was founded in 1980.

Ans. True

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Q. 1. What is the nature of party system in India ?

Ans. There is multiparty system in India.indd

Q. 2. What is the meaning of political party ?

Ans. A political party is a group of people who have the same ideology and who come closer to each other so that they could contest the elections and win over the majority to make the government. All the members of a political party agree on some policies for the welfare of the society. Every political party has its different ideology and its main aim is to grab power at any cost.

Q. 3. How many components of political party are there?

Ans. A political party has generally three components and these are :

(i) The leaders

(ii) The active members

(iii) The followers.

Q. 4. What is the meaning of single party administrative system ?

Ans. One-party system or Uni-party system is a system in which there is only one political party which functions and controls the government. In it either there are no other political parties or these only nominally exist and follow a programme which the dictator allows them to follow. Single party dominates both government and political activities. China, Cuba, etc. are some of its examples.

Q. 5. Write any two disadvantages of Dal-Badal nature.

Ans.

1. Political instability.

2. Decline of values.

Q. 6. What is Bi-party system?

Ans. In a country where there are only two political parties, one in power and the other ready to rule, is called bi-party system. In such a system there are only two major political parties, each having a substantial role to play and have very bright chances of capturing power. England has bi-party system.

Q. 7. What is called multi-party system?

Ans. In a country which has more than two political parties, all having a substantial role to play is called multi-party system. They have quite bright chances of capturing power either single handedly or in coalition with other political parties. In India and France there are more than two political parties.

Q. 8. What is the election symbol of the Bharatiya Janata Party?

Ans. The election symbol of the Bharatiya Janta Party is lotus.

Q. 9. Why has India multi-party system?

Ans. India has multi-party system because India has social and geographical diversity and it is not possible to absorb such a large country by only two or three parties. That is why India has multi-party system.

Q. 10. Write names of any two National Parties.

Ans.

(1) Bharatiya Janata Party

(2) Indian National Congress.

Q. 11. What are recognised political parties?

Ans. In India, Election Commission gives special facilities to large and established parties. They are given a unique symbol and official candidates can use that symbol in elections. Those parties which are given this type of privileges and facilities and are recognized by Election Commission are known as recognized political parties.

Q. 12. Which are regional parties or state parties? Give examples.

Ans. There are some parties in our country which are confined only to one particular area or region and they don’t have national base. They are known by the people only in that particular area. These are known as regional parties. SAD, DMK, AIADMK, PDP, INLD, National Conference, etc. are some of its examples.

Q. 13. What do you mean by Defection ?

Ans. When any MLA or MP changes his parent party and moves to another party in order to become minister or for cash then it is known as defection. These days defection is not possible because MP or MLA has to lose his seat in case of defection.

Q. 14. Which eight National Parties are there in India ?

Ans. India has eight major National Parties and these are :

Indian National Congress (INC)
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI (M)
Communist Party of India (CPI)
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP)
Trinmool Congress Party (TMC).
National Peoples Party (NPP).

Q. 15. Which form of party system is found in China ?

Ans. One party system is found in China.

Q. 16. Do political parties educate the people?

Ans. Yes, political parties educate the people. They educate the people through discussions, debates, etc. in the Parliament. They also educate the people during their election campaigns. With their policies, people come to know about government and its functioning.

Q. 17. Write any two disadvantages of multi-party system.

Ans.

Government in this type of system is generally weak and unstable because coalition comes in front and coalition government can be broken at any time.
No party likes to take responsibility of any act of the government. They try to put accountability of wrong act on other party.

Q. 18. What is the meaning of Alliance Government ?

Ans. Coalition government generally exists in multi-party system. When one party is unable to get majority then many parties come closer to each other to form a government. This type of government is known as coalition government.

Q. 19. How Regional parties give strength to Federalism?

Ans. Today’s is an age of coalition government. That’s why national parties call for regional parties to form an alliance to form a government. That’s why importance of regional parties has increased and it gives strength to federalism.

Q. 20. After 16th Lok Sabha elections 2014, which form of government was formed in Centre ?

Ans. After 16th Lok Sabha elections 2014, National Democratic Alliance formed the democratic government in Centre.

Q. 21. How many national level political parties were in India in 2006 ?

In 2006 AD, how many total National Political Parties were in India ?

Ans. Six national level political parties were in India in 2006.

Q. 22. In which year Bhartiya Janata Party was formed and name its symbol ?

Ans. Bhartiya Janata Party was formed on 6th April, 1980 and its election symbol is Lotus.

Q. 23. Who was the Berlusconi ?

Ans. Berlusconi is the leader of the Forza Italia founded in 1993. He was Prime Minister of Italy also.

Q. 24. In which year Bhartiya Janta Party formed ?

Ans. Bhartiya Janta Party was formed in 1980.

Q. 25. In which year Assam United Democratic Front formed ?

Ans. In 2006 AD.

Q. 26. In which year Indian National Congress was founded ?

Ans. INC was formed in 1885 AD.

Short Answer Type Questions

Q. 1. What would happen if no political parties would be there?

Why are political parties required?

Ans. After looking at the functions done by political parties, it seems that political parties are necessary for democracy. If any political party would not be there then every candidate in elections will stand as an independent candidate. No candidate would be able to make any promise to people and they would not be able to tell about any policy changes. There would be uncertainty always in the government because every one has some aspirations and every one wants to get higher post for himself. No one would be accountable to the people and parliament and no one will be responsible to the country. So political parties are very much necessary for the country.

Q. 2. How political parties came into being ?

How political parties were formed ?

Ans. Actually due to emergence of representative democracies, political parties came into being. When societies became large and complex, some agency was required to collect ideas on different issues and to show these to the government. Some organisation was required to bring different representatives so that any responsible government could be formed. Any mechanism was required so that the government could run in a proper way and it could make policies of social welfare. So political parties were fulfilling those needs and that is why with the passage of time, political parties came into being.

Q. 3. How many types of political systems are there ? Explain them.

Classify the different political systems.

Ans. Political party is a group of people who come closer to each other to attain one common aim and that is to attain power in one way or the other. The ideology of all the members of a political party is the same. Political parties are must for all the countries and different countries have different systems of political parties. Their classification is given below:

In some countries uni-party system or one party system is there. It is a system in which only one party is there which controls and functions the government. China and Cuba are some of its examples.
In some countries bi-party or two party system is there in which only two parties exist. One party runs the government and other party (opposition) remains ready to take over the government. For example, England has bi-party system.
Last system is of multi-party system in which more than two political parties exist. Either one or many parties collectively form the government and others remain in opposition. India has multi-party system.

Q. 4. How political parties shape public opinion ?

How political parties form public opinion?

Ans. Political parties play a very important role in forming public opinion. The electorates usually cannot have consolidated opinion. These may have constructive individual opinion which is of no use to the nation. It is the function of the political parties to consolidate public opinion and give them a constructive shape. If political parties do not come to the front, there will be multitude of opinions without any channel of expression. It is only through the channel of these parties that multitudes of these ideas are moulded, formulated and given a definite and clear shape.

Q. 5. What role are political parties playing as opposition ?

Ans. As opposition parties, political parties play a very important role in democracy. Those parties who lose the elections become opposition parties instead of ruling party. They criticise government on many issues, highlight the grievances of the people. If government fails on any front or makes wrong policy which is not good for people then these opposition parties highlight those wrong policies so that the public opinion could be made against the government. Opposition also mobilises the people to oppose the government so that the government could be thrown out of power or government should make welfare policies for the people.

Q. 6. Which party can be recognized as a National Party in India?

Ans.

1. A political party is recognised as National Party if it secures at least 6 percent of the valid votes polled in any four or more states at a general election to the Lok Sabha or to the State Assembly and in addition if it also wins at least four seats in the Lok Sabha from any Patr state or states.

2. A political party is recognised as All India Party if it wins at least 2 percent seats in the Lok Sabha (11 seats in the existing House having 543 members) and these members are elected from at least three different states.

3. A political party is recognised as National Party if a party is recognised as State Party in minimum of four states.

Q. 7. What do you mean by lack of internal democracy ?

Ans. It is right that democracy goes on with the help of political parties but there is lack of internal democracy within the party. It means that the power within the party is generally concentrated in the hands of one or two leaders. Even they do not conduct regular elections of office bearers and they do not keep membership registers. Ordinary members are unable to get any information of inside of the party and members are generally dissatisfied with central leadership. It is very difficult for ordinary members to convey their views to central leadership on any particular issue. They have to accept the decisions taken by central leaders. So there is lack of internal democracy within the parties.

Q. 8. What do you mean by dynastic succession control of political system of India ?

Ans. It is right that Indian political system is strangled in the chains of dynastic succession. The biggest challenge which political parties are facing these days is the issue of dynastic succession. The meaning of dynastic succession is the transfer of power of political party from father to son or from husband to wife. These parties do not have the transparent functioning and that is why the leaders always try to give unfair advantage to their family members especially wife or son. Political party then is controlled by one family.

Q. 9. Explain the increasing role of money and muscle power in politics.

Ans. These days role of money and muscle power has been increased to a great extent. This power can be seen especially at the time of elections. Parties these days try to nominate that person as its candidate who either is rich or has sufficient power behind him. Candidates are spending crores of rupees to take ticket from the party and then again are spending crores to win election. Not only this, but these days criminals are entering the arena of politics and criminalisation of politics is going on. Political leaders are the friends of criminals who have the muscle power which can be used at the time of elections. In this way role of money and muscle power in politics is increasing.

Q. 10. How has Constitution stopped the defection of the parties ?

Ans. Government has made some amendments in Constitution regarding defection of the parties. Meaning of defection is changing party by MLA or MP to become minister or for cash rewards. Today is the time of Alliances and in alliances these corrupt practices are very common. That is why Constitution was amended to check or to prevent MLAs or MPs from changing party. Now law says that if any MLA or MP changes party then he or she will have to lose his or her seat. So in this way Constitution has checked the defection of the parties.

Q. 11. How has Supreme Court tried to reduce the influence of money and criminals in the politics?

Ans. Supreme Court has tried to reduce the influence of money and criminals in the politics. It has passed an order regarding this. Now it is necessary for a candidate to fill an affidavit which includes details of his wealth and criminal cases pending against him. With this the public will come to know about those candidates to whom they are giving votes. But even after this ruling of Supreme Court, there is no system to check that the information given by the candidate is true or false.

Q. 12. Give three differences between National Parties and Regional Parties.

Ans.

National Party	Regional Party
(i) National party generally has its influence all over the country.	(i) Regional party does’t have influence all over the country but is confined to a particular area or State.
(ii) It has units all over the country.	(ii) This party has units in different parts of the State.
(iii) It always gives priority to national issues instead of issues of any particular area.	(iii) It generally gives emphasis on regional issues or tries to develop its influence in a particular State.

Long Answer Type Questions

Q. 1. Describe the main features of party system in India.

Ans. Following are the main features of party system in India :

Multiparty System. India has multiparty system.
Communal Parties. Another feature of Indian party system is the existence of communal parties.
Existence of Regional Parties. Another feature of Indian party system is the existence of regional parties.
Lack of Ideological Commitment. Most political parties in India lack ideological commitment.
Defections. Indian party system is known for defections.
Lack of Discipline. Lack of discipline among the party members is an important feature of the Indian party system.

Q. 2. Discuss briefly about the Major National Parties in India.

Ans. Election Commission has given its recognition to eight political parties as national parties and these are :

Indian National Congress (INC). Indian National Congress was founded in 1885 and has played a great role in freedom struggle. After independence has made government many times from 1952 to 1977 and then from 1980 to 1989. In early 90’s also it made the govt. and now it is the leader of UPA Alliance. It is a centrist party which espouses secularism and welfare of weaker sections and minority.
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). BJP was founded in 1980 by Jana Sangh. Its main inspiration is Hindutava. It wants to bring back lost glory of India. It wants complete integration of J&K with India and a uniform civil code for whole of India. It made govt. in Centre in 1998 and 2014 under NDA’s alliance. Earlier it was limited to Northern and urban India but now it is expanding in South as well.
Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP). It was formed in 1984 by Kanshi Ram. It wants to secure power for Bahujan Samaj which includes Dalits, OBC’s Adivasis, etc. It stands for the welfare and cause of Dalits and oppressed people. Its main base is in U.P. but has some base in M.P., Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Punjab, etc. In 2014 Lok Sabha elections it had not secured any seat.
Communist Party of India-Marxist CPI (M). It was started in 1964. It believes in Marxism-Leninism. It has belief in socialism and secularism and is always against imperialism. It has a very strong support in West Bengal, Kerala, Tripura, etc. It wants to secure the objective of socio-economic justice in India.
Communist Party of India (CPI). It was formed in 1924. It believes in MarxismLeninism, secularism, etc. It wants to secure the interests of working class, farmers, poor, etc. It has good presence in Kerela, West Bengal, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, etc. It got one seat in 2014 Lok Sabha elections.
Nationalist Congress Party (NCP). In 1999 Congress was divided and NCP was formed under the leadership of Shri Sharad Pawar. It wants to confine high offices of India only to the original borns of India. It has a very good base in Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Manipur and Assam. After 2004 elections, it was a partner of UPA alliance.
Trinmool Congress Party (TMC). On 1st Jan., 1998 TMC was founded by Miss Mamta Banerjee.
National People’s Party (NPP). It was founded in 1992 by P.A. Sangma. It is the first political party from Northeastern India to have attained this status.

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JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions chapter – 6 Political Parties