JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions chapter – 7 Outcomes of Democracy

JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions chapter – 7 Outcomes of Democracy

JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions chapter – 7 Outcomes of Democracy

Jammu & Kashmir State Board JKBOSE 10th Class Social Science Solutions

INTRODUCTION TO THE CHAPTER

• The expected and actual outcomes of democracy in various aspects are quality of  government, economic well being, social differences, conflicts and finally freedom and dignity.
• Democracy is actually better than dictatorship because it gives freedom of speech to every one and it promotes the sense of equality among its citizens.
• Democracy is good for all the countries because it gives accountable, responsive and legitimate government to the country.
• We can see the transparency in the functioning of democratic government which is often missing from a non-democratic government.
• Actual performance of democracies has mixed record. On one side it has great success in holding regular and fair elections but their record in sharing information with public is very low.
• The idea of democracy has overwhelming support all over the world because the government in it is a legitimate government and democratic government is people’s own government.
• It is right that democracies produce good government but democracies are unable to produce the good economic development of the country because decision making process takes a lot of time.
• Democracies are based on political equality and all the citizens of the country have equal weight in electing representative but this process of bringing individuals in political area on the basis of equality brings economic inequalities.
• Actually democracies are unable to reduce economic inequality because they are unable to curb the economic development of any particular individual.
• No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups but democracy is best suited to produce this result.

IMPORTANT TERMS

• Democracy. Government of the people, for the people and by the people or rule of the people.
• Dictatorship. Rule of one person or few persons who have total power over the country especially one who has obtained it by force and uses it in a cruel way.
• Authoritarianism. An ideology which favours complete obedience to authority especially that of state at the expense of personal freedom.
• Democratic government. Government which is formed by the people, which works for the betterment of masses and which gives equality to all its citizens.
• Democratic politics. A politics which has formal constitutions, who hold regular elections, have political parties and guaranteed rights of citizen.
• Transparency. Through which every thing can be seen clearly.
• Legitimate government. Any government which is legally choosen or the people’s government is legitimate government.
• Dignity. Honourable rank or the quality of being worthy of honour or respect.

1. Democracy produces an accountable government because all the educated and enlightened citizens of the country are concerned that people should have the right to choose their representatives. If they do not work in a proper way then people have the right to overthrow them. That is why they are accountable to the people. People are also part and parcel of decision making process of the country. So democracy produces an accountable government.
2. Democracy also produces a responsive government because in every type of country, people elect the government and that government is responsible towards the people and parliament. Democratic government generally takes care of the needs and opinion of the people. That’s why democracy produces a responsive government.
3. Democracy not only produces an accountable and responsive but also produces a legitimate government. Democratic government is legitimate in the sense because it is elected by the people almost after every five years through the process of universal adult franchise. Any party which gets majority makes the government. If they lose the majority then they will have to resign from its office. In this way it is a legitimate government.

1. In most of the countries, social diversity generally exists. Every society is diverse in many senses like religion, race, caste, creed, culture, etc. Democracy gives equal rights to all its citizens and constitution says that there should be no discrimination with any one on the basis of gender, colour, religion, culture, age, etc. In this way when democracy gives equal rights to all its citizens, it accommodates social diversity in the country.
2. In India, different caste groups, OBC’s, weaker sections are given enough representation in every aspect of the society. They are given reservations in every sphere of the life. Democracy also ensures that the government should not be made by the majority but it should have the representation of minorities as well. In this way democracy accommodates social diversity as it not only takes care of the interests of majority but it also takes care of the interests of weaker sections as well.
3. There is general tendency of gender discrimination in the world. Women are being discriminated in one way or the other. But in democracy women and weaker sections of the society, are given equal rights and right to vote so that they can elect their representatives. Even they are given reservation of seats in local bodies. Our country doesn’t have its own religion and it never tries to give undue preference to any language. In this way it accommodates social diversity in the country.

1. Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich.
2. Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens.
3. Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, Phoeducation and spend more on industries and infrastructure.
4. In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict.

1. Opposition of the Statement. We are not agreed with this statement that industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich. Today’s age is of democracy that every type of country, whether rich or poor, should have democracy and democratic government. Democracy is accountable and responsive but dictatorship is not accountable to any one. It is hardly responsive and only takes care of one section of society. Rest of sections are being suppressed by it. But for economic development, we need to take care of interests of all the sections of the society. Poor countries can use a number of measures to control poverty in democracy also.
2. Favour of the Statement. We favour this statement. It is right that democracy gives equal opportunity to all the sections of society. It gives enough share of natural resources to all the citizens. That is why it is necessary that there should be less inequality in democracy. But the actual condition is very much different from sense. In actual sense, inequality is increasing day by day between various sections of society. Rich is becoming richer and poor is becoming poorer. It is so because in democracy, we cannot stop any one to earn more and more. Every one gets equal chance to earn. Difference is of their opportunity that one is earning more and one is earning less. So democracy can’t reduce inequality of income between different citizens.
3. Opposition of the Statement. We oppose this statement on various grounds. It is right that industries and infrastructure are necessary elements of economic development but they are not the only elements. Human resources are also very much part and parcel of it. Human resources can help a lot in the development of the country. Literate and skilled population is an asset to any country which could be used at any time. But if the population would be illiterate and unskilful then it will be a burden on the country. So we cannot say that government in poor countries should spend less on poverty, food, clothing, health and education. Development of humans is also necessary for industry and infrastructure. If industries are good but humans are illiterate then those industries would also be of no use. So a country should give its proper attention to all the aspects of society and social life.
4. Opposition of the Statement. We don’t agree with the statement that by providing right of vote to every citizen or with the idea of universal adult franchise all the dominations and conflicts will be removed from the society. Any type of democracy is of no use if economic inequality, social inequality, social injustice, social disparity, economic injustice prevail in society. In democracy inequality between rich and poor, male or female prevails and if it prevails then domination of one class over the other will also prevail. Major group of the society will also try to dominate the minority of the society. In this type of condition conflicting situation will also prevail in society.

1. Following å High Court directive a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for dalits and non-dalits allowed entry for all from the same door.
2. A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India.
3. Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.

1. With this order of allowing entry by same gate of a temple in Orissa, to all (dalits and non-dalits), the honourable High Court has assured the life of dignity to dalits. It means they also have the right to worship the religion and court has given them it by securing their right of maintaining dignity. For this central government should assure that all the state governments should not allow any type of untouchability or exploitation of Dalits in the country. If any one tries to do so then he should be given severe punishment under the law of Untouchability Offence Act of 1955.
2. A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India. It shows the poverty and economic inequality of the country. Even our democracy is working for the last 70 years but still we are unable to stop this type of economic disparity or inequality. So for this any policy should be formed to look into the grievances of the people by giving insurance on produce, by providing loans at very less interest rates. So economic inequality should be removed from our country.
3. In Jammu and Kashmir, an enquiry has been ordered in the fake encounter of three civilians in Gandwara. This incident shows us that police officers are taking law in their hands and are hardly taking care of human rights. These organizations (means forces) should work according to law. So to stop this type of incident, a high level judicial enquiry should be ordered so that the guilty officials should be punished. Police officials should have soft attitude towards masses so that masses should give them the help in controlling militancy in J&K.

Fill in the blanks

True or False

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. Political parties
2. Written and rigid constitution
3. Regular and fair elections
4. Fundamental rights for every citizen.

Short Answer Type Questions

1. It gives equality to all its citizens that all the citizens are equal in the country.
2. It upholds the dignity of the individual and gives respect to dignity of every individual.
3. It improves the quality of decision making because deliberate discussion takes place before taking any decision.
4. It provides a method to resolve conflict among various social groups due to social diversity.
5. It allows enough space to correct mistakes.

1. Good and quality education should be given to all the citizens so that they are able to understand the democratic system.
2. All the citizens of the country should be vigilant and enlightened. Their cooperation with government is must for good functioning of government and they should be active enough in public affairs.
3. All the citizens of the country should have the right of equality with them. If the concept of equality will prevail in society then there will be no obstacle in smooth functioning of democracy.
4. People and our leaders should have high moral character. If honest leaders would be there the democratic government will surely taste the success. With this people also should not indulge in corrupt practices.

1. All the citizens of India, including illiterate and backward classes, should be vigilant and should be made enlightened.
2. All the citizens should be active in public affairs and should cooperate with government from all aspects.
3. Social equality is necessary for successful functioning of democracy. All types of differences and discriminations should be removed from the society.
4. Free press is very much necessary because it gives every type of information to the people about proper or improper functioning of government.

Long Answer Type Questions

1. Rule of the People. Administration in democracy is being directly or indirectly run by the people and every decision in democracy is being taken by majority.
2. Interest of the People. In democracy, administration is being run in the interest of the people and interests of the weaker sections are properly cared by the government.
3. Principle of Equality. The basic principle of democracy is the principle of equality. In democracy every person is considered as equal. No discrimination is being done on the basis of birth, education, wealth, etc. All the citizens are given equal political rights. Every person has been given the right to vote through universal adult franchise.
4. Rule of Majority. Democracy is the rule of majority. Every decision in democracy is being taken with majority. That party forms the government which gets majority in elections. All the decisions are being taken with majority.

1. It is based on public opinion. Democracy is that system of rule which is based on public opinion and the rule is being run according to the wish of the people. No importance is given to public opinion in monarchy and dictatorship and laws are also being formed according to public opinion.
2. It is based on the principle of equality. All humans in democracy are considered as equal. No one gets special privileges on the basis of birth, caste, religion, sex and wealth. General masses are given the right to take part in the decision making process. All are considered as equal.
3. Responsible government. Governments in monarchy and dictatorship are not responsive to anyone but government in democracy is responsive to people and parliament. Government has to work according to public opinion. It cannot work against the public opinion unless people can throw them out of power in next elections.
4. Strong and efficient government. Government in democracy is strong and efficient. Administration is being run by the representatives of the people who have the support of public. Rulers are encouraged by the support of people with which they apply their decisions with full strength. Rulers are controlled by public opinion and they are responsive to the people for their decisions. In this way it works in an efficient way.

1. Principle of equality is unnatural. Main base of democracy is the principle of equality but critics say that equality is unnatural. Even nature has not kept equality among humans. Some are fools, some are wise, some are powerful and some are weak. If nature has kept this type of discrimination then how social, economic and political equality could be kept. This is the biggest demerit of equality that all are given equal rights.
2. Gives importance to quantity than quality. Quantity is given more importance than quality in democracy. In other words every decision in democracy is being taken by democracy. If 100 fools will say any thing is right and 99 wise will say this is wrong then the decision of 100 fools will be considered. Representatives of the people are also elected by majority. Every fool and wise has the right to vote and any wrong person could become the representative of the people.
3. It does not establish a responsive government. Government in democracy is responsive to people but practically it is not. Leaders hardly cares about the people after elections and comes back to public only at the time of next elections. Majority party hardly cares about the opposition or minority parties.
4. Unstable and weak government. Government in democracy is unstable and weak. Governments changes very quickly in multi party system. In the absence of majority many parties come together to make a government. This type of mixed government can be broken at anytime. At the time of problem, democratic government proves to be weak government. Decisions are not being taken very quickly.

1. Economic equality. It is expected from the democracy that economic inequality should be removed from our society and economic equality should prevail in the country. Many economic problems exist in our country like unemployment, poverty, economic inequality, etc. and country cannot develop if these problems persist in our country. So to remove inequality these problems should be solved. With this it is expected that the democracy should provide a better life and living facilities to the people.
2. Decentralisation of power. It is expected from the democracies that powers should be decentralized and should be divided from higher levels to lower levels. Powers in India are divided from central government till local bodies. In democracy there should be a retirement age for politicians so that young faces should come forward to take charge of the country.
3. Active Judiciary. It is also expected from democracy that judiciary should play an active role in it. In India more than 2 crore cases are pending and lakhs of cases are pending from 20-25 years. Judiciary should play an active role in it and can give speedy justice to the people. Judiciary is the third organ of government and it is expected from it to act in an active manner.
4. Social Justice. All the citizens of India should be given social justice. It is expected from democracy that there should be no discrimination with any one on the basis of caste, colour, creed, religion, etc. This provision should be practically applied in the country. With this all the citizens in India should be given equal rights so that they could live a better life. In this way a lot of things are expected from a democratic country.

Follow on Facebook page – Click Here

Google News join in – Click Here

Read More Asia News – Click Here

Read More Sports News – Click Here

Read More Crypto News – Click Here