JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar Articles

01/17/2023 keshav kumar 121 Views 0 Comments

Jammu & Kashmir State Board JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar

Jammu & Kashmir State Board class 9th English Grammar

J&K State Board class 9 English Grammar

1. ‘A’, ‘an’ and ‘the’ are called Articles.

The’ is called the Definite Article.

‘A’ and ‘an’ are called Indefinite Articles.

2. ‘An’ is used before a vowel or silent h; or before a consonant sounding like a vowel; as—

An apple; an egg; an inkpot; an ox; an umbrella; an honest man; an M.A.; etc.

3. ‘A’ is used before a consonant, before u sounded as yoo, and before o sounded as wu.

A kite; a cart; a monkey; a unit; a useful thing; a one-eyed man; a basu European country; etc.

4. As a general rule, a Common Noun in the Singular Number should have an Article placed before it.

1. I saw dog in street. (Incorrect)

2. I saw a dog in the street. (Correct)

3. I saw the dog in the street. (Correct)

5. The’ is used in following cases :

1. Before a noun if we want to particularise it.

(He is the man who beat me.)

2. Before the names of rivers.

(The Ganga ; the Yamuna.

3. Before the names of mountain ranges.

(The Himalayas; the Vindhyas)

4. Before the names of oceans, canals, seas, gulfs and straits.

(The Indian Ocean ; the Arabian Sea)

5. Before the proper names of most religious and classical books.

(The Gita ; the Quran)

6. Before the names of hes of things which are unique.

(The sun; the moon; the earth)

7. Before Superlative Degree.

(The best; the noblest; the youngest)

8. Before a Proper Adjective when ‘people’ or ‘nation’ is understood

(but omitted when language is understood)

(The English; the Indians; the French)

9.Before an Adjective when the Noun is understood.

(The rich should help the poor.)

10. With Comparative Degree as in the following idiom :

(The higher you go, the cooler it is.).

6. The’ is generally not used in the following cases:

1. Before the name of a town, city or village.

2. Before the name of a continent.

3.Before the name of a country.

4. Before the name of a single island.

5. Before the name of a cape.

6. Before the name of a lake.

7. Before the name of a single mountain.

8. Before a Proper or Abstract Noun.

7. The’ is not used in any of the following cases:

1. Before the names of titles.

(Queen Victoria; King George)

2. Before a noun used in its widest sense.

(Man is mortal.)

3. Before a material Noun.

(Iron is a very useful metal.)

8. In certain well-established phrases, consisting of a Transitive Verb followed houby an Object, the Object is used without any Article.

(send word; shake hands; catch fire; leave school; lose heart.)

9. In Prepositional Phrases consisting of a Preposition followed by an Object, no Article is used before the Object when such phrases are intended to be used for all and on all occasions alike.

WNA24

JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar Articles