JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar Articles

01/17/2023 keshav kumar 117 Views 0 Comments

Jammu & Kashmir State Board JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar

Jammu & Kashmir State Board class 9th English Grammar

J&K State Board class 9 English Grammar

1. ‘A’, ‘an’ and ‘the’ are called Articles.

The’ is called the Definite Article.

‘A’ and ‘an’ are called Indefinite Articles.

2. ‘An’ is used before a vowel or silent h; or before a consonant sounding like a vowel; as—

An apple; an egg; an inkpot; an ox; an umbrella; an honest man; an M.A.; etc.

3. ‘A’ is used before a consonant, before u sounded as yoo, and before o sounded as wu.

A kite; a cart; a monkey; a unit; a useful thing; a one-eyed man; a basu European country; etc.

4. As a general rule, a Common Noun in the Singular Number should have an Article placed before it.

1. I saw dog in street. (Incorrect)

2. I saw a dog in the street. (Correct)

3. I saw the dog in the street. (Correct)

5. The’ is used in following cases :

1. Before a noun if we want to particularise it.

(He is the man who beat me.)

2. Before the names of rivers.

(The Ganga ; the Yamuna.

3. Before the names of mountain ranges.

(The Himalayas; the Vindhyas)

4. Before the names of oceans, canals, seas, gulfs and straits.

(The Indian Ocean ; the Arabian Sea)

5. Before the proper names of most religious and classical books.

(The Gita ; the Quran)

6. Before the names of hes of things which are unique.

(The sun; the moon; the earth)

7. Before Superlative Degree.

(The best; the noblest; the youngest)

8. Before a Proper Adjective when ‘people’ or ‘nation’ is understood

(but omitted when language is understood)

(The English; the Indians; the French)

9.Before an Adjective when the Noun is understood.

(The rich should help the poor.)

10. With Comparative Degree as in the following idiom :

(The higher you go, the cooler it is.).

6. The’ is generally not used in the following cases:

1. Before the name of a town, city or village.

2. Before the name of a continent.

3.Before the name of a country.

4. Before the name of a single island.

5. Before the name of a cape.

6. Before the name of a lake.

7. Before the name of a single mountain.

8. Before a Proper or Abstract Noun.

7. The’ is not used in any of the following cases:

1. Before the names of titles.

(Queen Victoria; King George)

2. Before a noun used in its widest sense.

(Man is mortal.)

3. Before a material Noun.

(Iron is a very useful metal.)

8. In certain well-established phrases, consisting of a Transitive Verb followed houby an Object, the Object is used without any Article.

(send word; shake hands; catch fire; leave school; lose heart.)

9. In Prepositional Phrases consisting of a Preposition followed by an Object, no Article is used before the Object when such phrases are intended to be used for all and on all occasions alike.

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JKBOSE 9th Class English Grammar Articles